The President’s Day (August 1964 | Volume: 15, Issue: 5)

The President’s Day

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August 1964 | Volume 15, Issue 5

In studying the growing complexity of the Presidency in its 175-year history, it occurred to us that simply contrasting an ordinary day in Washington’s administration with one in Lyndon Johnson’s might tell far more than a lengthy article. Consequently we took the average day in 1790, which is described directly below in Washington’s own words and annotated at right. We then sent this material to the press secretary at the White House, asking him to match it with the schedule of an equally ordinary day of President Johnson’s. The schedule he was kind enough to provide is printed at far right exactly as we received it, but the annotation beside it is that of the Editors.

PRESIDENT WASHINGTON:

The artist John Trumbull was working on three portraits of Washington at this time, all to be used in battle paintings. As to the dinner guests: Judge William Gushing of Massachusetts was the first man appointed an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court; the Postmaster General was Samuel Osgood. All the other men were representatives: Samuel Griffin, Isaac Coles, and Alexander White from Virginia; Elias Boudinot from New Jersey; Elbridge Gerry from Massachusetts. The message to the Senate was a polite, 124-word letter of transmittal.

Washington’s stepgrandson, George Washington Parke Custis, at the time a member of the presidential household on Cherry Street in New York, gives us a reliable description of how President Washington probably spent the early morning hours of February 18 before the arrival of Trumbull:

“General Washington, during the whole of both his public and private life, was a very early riser … [he was] seated in his library from one to two hours before day, in winter, and at daybreak in summer.

“Washington preserved the habit, as well in public as in private life, of rising at four o’clock and retiring to bed at nine.

“The library and a visit to the stables, occupied the morning till the hour of breakfast [usually at 7 A.M. ]: this meal was without change … Indian cakes, honey and tea.…”

The Washingtons usually held three social affairs each week: two formal levees open to the public and, on Thursday, a state dinner, for invited guests only, which began at 4 P.M. The guests included senators and representatives, Cabinet members, Justices of the Supreme Court, and prominent visitors. These dinners were not always crashing successes. In his journal for August 27, 1789, the dour Senator William Maclay of Pennsylvania describes one:

”… It was the most solemn dinner ever I sat at. Not a health drank; scarce a word said until the cloth was taken away. Then the President, filling a glass of wine, with great formality drank to the health of every individual name by name around the table. Everybody imitated him, charged glasses, and such a buzz of ‘health, sir,’ and ‘health, madam,’ and