Watching Apollo 8 Leave Earth (Winter 2026 | Volume: 71, Issue: 1)

Watching Apollo 8 Leave Earth

AH article image

Authors: Edwin S. Grosvenor

Historic Era: Era 9: Postwar United States (1945 to early 1970s)

Historic Theme:

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Winter 2026 | Volume 71, Issue 1

Apollo 8 lifts off from the Cape Canaveral on December 21, 1968. NASA Photo
Apollo 8 lifts off from Cape Canaveral on December 21, 1968 atop a massive Saturn V rocket. NASA Photo

Editor's Note: Edwin Grosvenor is Editor-in-Chief of American Heritage. He covered the launch of Apollo 8 for National Geographic as a freelance photographer early in his career.

As Artemis II lifted off on April 1 from the launch pad at Kennedy Space Center, I recalled watching Apollo 8 blast off nearly 58 ago before from almost the same spot. Both Artemis II and Apollo 8 were on a similar mission: leave the bounds of earth and travel a quarter million miles to the Moon, circle it, and return. 

I will never forget the feeling of being hit by the shock wave of the Saturn V rocket engine blast, even though it was more than 3 miles away. The blinding light of ignition was followed 15 seconds later by a deep rumble that you could feel in your feet and chest.

On December 21, 1968, I was the fourth photographer on a four-man team, an eager teenager given a camera with a lens almost four feet long and told (perhaps with a bit of skepticism) to do the best I could.

With three humans leaving earth orbit for the first time, Apollo 8 was a profound event for mankind. It was also a unifying moment for America after the traumatic year of 1968.

Luckily, I was able to capture a photograph of Apollo 8 as it headed down range across the Atlantic, taken at such a high attitude that the first stage of the Saturn V rocket had separated and left behind a cloud of smoke as the second stage rose toward space. 

A few months later, I happened to visit the magazine offices after National Geographic started to print the nine million copies they needed, and was delighted to see my photo used as a full-page illustration. But there was a problem: they were printing the photograph upside down. The designers had assumed the rocket should be going up, not realizing that with the camera angle from the launch site the second stage appears to be descending as it headed down range toward Africa.

The second stage of Apollo 8 climbs down range over the Atlantic leaving a cloud after separating from the first stage.tage.
The second stage of Apollo 8 (at bottom above) climbs over the Atlantic, leaving behind a cloud of smoke after separating from the first stage. The craft appears to be descending because of the camera angle --  it is so high that the rocket is heading down range toward Africa. Edwin Grosvenor

Geographic had to stop the presses and reprint those early issues with the photograph right side up. 

It is hard for me to believe that none of the crew onboard the Artemis II flight now were even born during any of the