It’s hard to think of a structure in New York City that is more integrated in the life of the metropolis than Rockefeller Center. There are other instantly recognizable skyscrapers – the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building – but they lack the sprawling and varied spaces provided by what was once seen as Nelson Rockefeller Jr.’s folly. There is nothing to compare with Radio City Music Hall at the various World Trade Centers, which are devoted to office space. And then there is Citicorp (now Citigroup) Center, which is perhaps best-known for having been at risk of falling over.

Rockefeller Center, by contrast, has the grand Radio City Music Hall, an ice-skating rink, broadcast studios, a perihelial (if now private) nightclub space, the Rainbow Room, and yet more broadcast studios. There are rooftop gardens, author Christine Roussel writes in Lunch on a Beam: The Making of an American Photograph (Brandeis University Press, 222pages), “originally built as an exercise and rest area for Radio City Music Hall’s dancers.” That’s right, dancers. Rockefeller Center has its very own troupe of high-stepping chorus girls, the Rockettes. There are no Chryslerettes, as far as I know.

Conceived of in the go-go heydays of the 1920s, before the market crash and ensuing Depression, Rockefeller Center looked like an extravagant, bum investment. It cost too much; the chorus voice of architectural criticism combined efforts to blow raspberries. Newspapers denounced the plans as “ugly.” Lewis Mumford sneered that “every touch of ornament” in the pile of stone wasn’t just bad, but “bad with an almost juvenile badness.” He pronounced it the stuff of “Cloudcuckooland”

But Rockefeller and his army of publicists didn’t give up. The picture of ironworkers having lunch in the ether was just one day’s effort at keeping Rockefeller Center in the news. 

There is some confusion as to what to call the photo. “Lunch on a Beam” is the phrase used by Roussel to title her book. Rockefeller Center promotes it as “Lunch Atop a Skyscraper.” A newspaper caption back in the day read “Builders of the City Enjoy Luncheon.” Elsewhere the picture is titled “Lunch atop a Skyscraper (New York Construction Workers Lunching on a Crossbeam).”