ERA 9: Postwar United States (1945 to early 1970's)
The Miracle Workers, by David Oshinsky
Guiding Questions
Can science change history?
What makes stories “news worthy”?
Question Focus Example for Task 24: Vaccinations have changed history

Jonas Salk, Inventor of Polio Vaccine
Teacher-to-Teacher
This article covers the Jonas Salk polio trials of 1954. While students might be turned off by the science/ medical jargon, the piece has an endearing human interest touch that will help guide them. Historic events such as Brown v. Board, the McCarthy hearings, and the beginnings of Vietnam help frame the time period and assist the teacher to ask the question: “What makes an event significant”? Lastly, the far reaching effects of the polio vaccine are discussed with the death of FDR and the joyous presidential thank you ceremony Salk is given. Students may inquire about the March of Dimes and hopefully ask questions such as: “How would history be different if polio was cured earlier? or What future medical cures would parallel the work of Dr. Salk?”
Literature Connection: Nemesis, by Philip Roth, A Reporter’s Life, by Walter Cronkite, The Crucible by Arthur Miller
- Miracle Workers (Winter 2010 | Volume: 59, Issue: 4) articles_ah
- Transcript of Letter from Franklin Delano Roosevelt to Dr. Egleston Regarding his Polio Attack, 10/24/1924 historical_documents
- Nurses Being Instructed on the Use of Respirator for a Polio Patient historical_images
- Reported polio cases and deaths, United States, 1910 to 2022 historical_images
- Many Faces of Polio historical_images
- The Dangers of the Antivaccine Movement- Excerpt historical_documents
- The Taliban have suspended polio vaccination campaigns in Afghanistan, the UN says historical_documents